Neurology:OCT 标准和机器学习在多发性硬化症和视神经炎诊断中的作用

2022-08-20 Naomi MedSci原创

近日,一项发表在Neurology上的研究证实,与临床标准相比,SD-OCT 能够准确地区分多发性硬化症和正常对照组。

最近的研究表明,视网膜乳头周围神经纤维层(pRNFL)或神经节细胞 内丛状(gCIPL)厚度的眼间差异(IEDs)通过光谱域光学相干断层扫描(SD-OCT)可以识别有单侧视神经炎(ON)病史的人。但是,这需要进一步的验证。近日,一项发表在Neurology上的研究提出,机器学习分类可能有助于验证 OCT 简易爆炸装置的阈值,以及检查视觉功能测试(如低对比度字母敏锐度(lCLA))的附加效用,用于诊断多发性硬化症(pwMS)和单侧 ON 病史。

参与者来自国际多发性硬化症视觉系统(IMSVISUAL)联盟的11个站点。使用 SD-OCT 测量 pRNFL 和 GCIPL 厚度。将 OCT 和视觉测量相结合的综合评分进行个体测量的比较,以确定区分 PwMS 和对照的最佳模型。这些方法也被用来区分那些有 ON 病史的 PwMS。ROC 曲线分析是在一个训练数据集(2/3的队列)上进行的,然后应用到一个测试数据集(1/3的队列)。使用支持向量机(SVM)分析来评估机器学习模型是否提高了 OCT 的诊断能力。

  • 在1,568个 PwMS 和552个对照中,变量选择模型确定 GCIPL IED,平均 GCIPL 厚度(双眼)和双目2.5% LCLA 是对 PwMS 与对照分类最重要的。
  • 该综合评分表现最好,AUC = 0.89(95% CI 0.85,0.93) ,敏感性 = 81% ,特异性 = 80% 。
  • 合成分数ROC 曲线的表现优于模型中的任何一个单独指标(p < 0.0001)。
  • GCIPL IED 仍然是 PwMS 单侧 ON 病史的最佳单一鉴别指标(AUC = 0.77,95% CI 0.71,0.83,灵敏度 = 68% ,特异性 = 77%)。
  • 支持向量机分析的结果与标准的 Logit模型模型相当。

结合视觉结构和功能的综合评分提高了 SD-OCT 区分 PwMS 和对照的能力。GCIPL 简易爆炸装置最能区分那些有单侧开启病史的病人。支持向量机执行以及这些分类的标准统计模型。

这项研究提供了第三类证据,证明与临床标准相比,SD-OCT 能够准确地区分多发性硬化症和正常对照组。

文献来源:

Kenney RC, Liu M, Hasanaj L, et al. The Role of OCT Criteria and Machine Learning in Multiple Sclerosis and Optic Neuritis Diagnosis [published online ahead of print, 2022 Jun 28]. Neurology. 2022;10.1212/WNL.0000000000200883. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000200883

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    2023-03-15 habb
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    2022-11-04 gj0740
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    2022-09-24 jml2009
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