NEUROLOGY: MRI 上的卒中和腔隙计数是血管性认知障碍的独立预测因子

2022-05-30 影像小生 MedSci原创

几乎一半的平均年龄为 50 岁的 CADASIL 患者存在 VCI。认知能力的下降体现在所有认知领域,包括记忆。MRI 上的卒中和腔隙计数都是 BMET  VCI 的独立预测因子。

常染色体显性脑动脉病伴皮层下梗死和脑白质病变(Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy, CADASIL)是最常见的遗传性卒中。NOTCH3基因突变可导致小血管动脉病,临床特征为早发性卒中、血管性认知障碍和痴呆。虽然大多数有症状的患者在晚年会表现出一些认知障碍,但疾病的病程和严重程度在个体之间甚至在家庭内部都有很大的差异。尽管血管危险因素与更快速的进展有关,但其原因尚不确定,最近发现突变位点与严重程度有关,更多的近端突变导致更早的卒中发作已有研究表明,CADASIL认知障碍的早期特征包括执行功能障碍和信息处理速度减慢。对工作记忆和情景性长期记忆的早期影响并不一致。以往关于CADASIL认知功能的研究多为小或中等规模。

剑桥大学Amy A Jolly等在一大批CADASIL患者中确定了认知障碍的模式和患病率。然后,确定了哪些因素(包括突变位置)与认知障碍相关,以及认知障碍如何与疾病的MRI标记物(包括腔隙性梗死、白质高信号(WMH)和脑萎缩)相关。

该研究使用简明记忆和执行力测试 (BMET) 评估基因确认的 CADASIL 患者 (n = 176) 和健康对照 (n = 265) (平均 (SD) 年龄 50.95(11.35) v 52.37(7.93) 岁) 的认知能力和蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA)。血管性认知障碍vascular cognitive impairment, VCI是根据先前验证的截止值定义的。该研究确定了 VCI 的患病率及其与临床危险因素、突变位置(EGFr 1-6 与 EGFr 7-34)和小血管疾病的 MRI 标志物的关联。

该研究发现:

1.    VCI 在 CADASIL 中比对照组更常见;BMET 评分:39.8% 对 10.2%; MOCA 评分:47.7% 对19.6%。CADASIL 患者在所有认知领域的表现都较差。

表2. BMET和MoCA中VCI患者和非VCI患者的人口学和临床特征比较

2.    在控制年龄和性别后,卒中史与 BMET(OR 2.12, 95% CI [1.05, 4.27] p = 0.04)和 MoCA(OR 2.55 [1.21, 5.41] p = 0.01)的 VCI 相关。VCI 与突变位点没有关联。

3.    在控制其他 MRI 参数后,腔隙数量是唯一与 BMET VCI 独立相关的 MRI 参数(OR:1.63, 95% CI [1.10, 2.41], p = 0.014)。在灵敏度分析中控制教育后,这些关联仍然存在。

 表4. Logistic回归分析在控制年龄和性别的同时,MRI参数对CADASIL患者BMET VCI和MoCA VCI的影响

几乎一半的平均年龄为 50 岁的 CADASIL 患者存在 VCI。认知能力的下降体现在所有认知领域,包括记忆。MRI 上的卒中和腔隙计数都是 BMET  VCI 的独立预测因子。

原文出处

Prevalence and Predictors of Vascular Cognitive Impairment in Patients With CADASIL. Neurology. https://n.neurology.org/content/early/2022/05/23/WNL.0000000000200607

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    2022-07-16 yinhl1978
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    2022-06-06 叶子12

    学习了

    0

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