一种新的联合疗法给癌症前所未有的致命抗击!

2018-03-27 枫丹白露 来宝网

两种免疫疗法 - 一种能够使患者T细胞更好地攻击肿瘤,另一种可以产生独立和强烈免疫反应的免疫疗法 - 首次被联合在一起,帮助更多的患者,对更广泛的患者实体瘤进行更强烈的攻击。

【两种免疫疗法首次联合用于抗击肿瘤】两种免疫疗法 - 一种能够使患者T细胞更好地攻击肿瘤,另一种可以产生独立和强烈免疫反应的免疫疗法 - 首次被联合在一起,帮助更多的患者,对更广泛的患者实体瘤进行更强烈的攻击。

该独特配对的临床试验的第一阶段正在研究将这两种药物结合在一起在患有实体瘤的患者中的安全性,所述实体瘤例如肺癌或肝癌,其对标准疗法没有反应。第二阶段将在约30名无反应性转移性结肠癌患者完成后开始。

“我们在小鼠中进行了实验,证明PD-1抗体和poly-IC的联合应用对于识别肿瘤和T细胞介导的抗肿瘤应答具有协同作用,”Dr. Esteban Celis博士说,他是奥古斯塔大学乔治亚癌症中心的癌症免疫,炎症和耐受计划中心共同领导者。

“现在我们想看看这种协同作用是否也可以用于患者,”佐治亚癌症中心临床研究和临床试验副主任,妇科肿瘤学部门主任兼部门执行副主席Sharad Ghamande博士说。Ghamande是第一次审判的首席调查员。 MCG和乔治亚癌症中心的血液学家/肿瘤学家Asha Nayak-Kapoor博士将领导结肠癌试验。 Celis的实验室展示了poly-IC如何像病毒的遗传物质一样引起免疫系统的关注,从而提高治疗性癌症疫苗的有效性。在那些研究中,他发现了这两种免疫治疗药物之间的协同作用。

PD-1是T细胞天然表达的一种分子,T细胞是一种可以抵抗感染和癌症的白细胞,有助于预防过度免疫反应。但是肿瘤有一个称为PD-LI的分子配体,它们的相互作用抑制杀死肿瘤的T细胞的活性,Celis解释说。

“这种抗体可以阻断相互作用,并使那些已经在肿瘤部位的T细胞更加有效。” Celis说,合成的PD-1抗体pembrolizumab已经被医生用于通过释放识别肿瘤的T细胞制动器来帮助治疗大范围的癌症。

但需要注意的是,许多患者的肿瘤中几乎没有T细胞,这意味着只有约20%的微卫星不稳定性高的患者有效。这意味着他们的肿瘤有很多基因突变,尽管稀少的T细胞可能会引起免疫系统的注意。这些肿瘤被表征为免疫原性。

事实上,2017年5月,美国食品和药物管理局批准pembrolizumab用于实体瘤和高度微卫星不稳定的成人和儿童患者,这是首次批准基于遗传特征而不是癌症起源位置的癌症治疗。

“这个想法是,具有大量突变的肿瘤更具免疫原性,因此这就是为什么它们倾向于被T细胞浸润,”Celis说。 “在免疫原性较低的肿瘤中,我们希望Poly-IC能够使它们更具免疫原性。”

Poly-IC是一种研究药物,已在脑肿瘤,胰腺癌胃癌患者中进行过研究。

Celis说,由于各种原因,患者的T细胞很少,包括他们的免疫系统尚未将肿瘤视为威胁,T细胞也可能是化疗造成的附带损伤。

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    2018-03-28 神功盖世

    0

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    2018-03-28 sunfeifeiyang

    0

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    2018-03-28 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅

    0

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    2018-03-27 12223725m18暂无昵称

    谢谢分享内容很好

    0

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    2018-03-27 sunfeifeiyang

    0

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