BMJ:多学科讨论:别喝了 中等水平酒精消耗也伤“脑”

2017-07-14 吴刚 环球医学

饮酒很普遍,且在发展中国家日益增加。2017年6月,发表在《BMJ》的一项由英国科学家进行的纵向队列研究表明,酒精消耗,甚至在中等水平,也与不良脑结局相关,包括海马体萎缩。



饮酒很普遍,且在发展中国家日益增加。2017年6月,发表在《BMJ》的一项由英国科学家进行的纵向队列研究表明,酒精消耗,甚至在中等水平,也与不良脑结局相关,包括海马体萎缩。请看本期多学科讨论组临床药师各抒己见为您梳理本文看点——

目的:旨在考察中等酒精消耗与脑结构和功能之间的相关性是有利、有害还是无相关性。

设计:进行了每周酒精摄入和认知表现测量并30年间重复进行的观察性队列研究(1985~2015)。研究终点(2012~2015)时进行了核磁共振成像(MRI)。

设置:入组到英国白厅II队列(白厅II成像研究)中的社区居住的成人。

参与者:550名研究基线时平均43.0岁(SD,5.4)的男性和女性,根据CAGE筛查调查问卷,无一人为酒精依赖,所有在随访期都可安全进行脑部MRI。23人被排除由于不完全或较差质量的影像学数据、总体结构异常(如脑囊肿)、酒精使用、社会人口学、健康或认知数据不完全等原因。

主要结局测量:脑结构测量包括海马体萎缩、灰质密度、白质微结构。功能性测量包括研究期间认知衰退和筛查时横断面认知表现。

结果:30年的随访期,较高的酒精消耗与海马体萎缩几率的增加呈现剂量依赖的形式。与戒酒者相比,虽然每周消耗超过30单位者处于最高的风险(比值比,5.8;95% CI,1.8~18.6;P≤0.001),即使中度饮酒者(14~21单位/周),其右侧海马体萎缩几率都为3倍(3.4;1.4~8.1;P=0.007)。与戒酒者相比,轻度饮酒(1~<7单位/周=无保护作用。较高的酒精消耗也与胼胝体微观结构的差异和词汇流畅性的快速下降相关,未发现与横断面认知表现或语义流畅性或字词回忆的纵向改变之间的相关性。

结论:酒精消耗,甚至在中等水平,也与不良脑结局相关,包括海马体萎缩。这些结果支持了英国酒精指南中关于酒精消耗降低的建议,并对美国现行限额提出了质疑。

多学科讨论记实:

大量饮酒与Korsakoff综合征、痴呆和脑萎缩扩大相关。

少量饮酒与免受认知损害相关,鲜有研究考察中度饮酒对大脑的影响。既往研究有方法学局限性,尤其缺少前瞻性酒精数据,因此相互矛盾,无法提供令人信服的神经相关性。

与戒酒相比,中度酒精摄入与不良大脑结局和词汇流利中更急剧的认知下降风险增加相关。海马体尤其脆弱,还未与中度酒精使用负相关。

未发现少量饮酒比戒酒更具保护作用。既往报告称少量饮酒具有保护作用,这可能是受到饮酒增加与更高社会阶级或IQ之间相关性的混杂影响。

原始出处:

Topiwala A, Allan CL, Valkanova V, et al. Moderate alcohol consumption as risk factor for adverse brain outcomes and cognitive decline: longitudinal cohort study. BMJ. 2017 Jun 6;357:j2353. doi: 10.1136/bmj.j2353.

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    2017-10-16 gaoxiaoe
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1848350, encodeId=97621848350a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Mon Oct 16 15:13:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=222771, encodeId=3c26222e710e, content=bmj的研究质量也很高啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLCclExeQ6LOGMD4dTsia4Ty4HtZCxRmG5vO5XIKfKX3a3vusfhHSej4Iib517vmhFW7RQgh7bpDp1yw/0, createdBy=50951609779, createdName=baihao215, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 07:23:44 CST 2017, time=2017-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1439846, encodeId=ad5e1439846df, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=35904318480' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#多学科#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43184, encryptionId=35904318480, topicName=多学科)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 06:13:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=222654, encodeId=4ab4222654fd, content=海马体萎缩,也是痴呆表现的影像学特征之一。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://q.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/C3426ED027FF661B0C576A5B3127C2E8/40, createdBy=39dc1706090, createdName=QQ25ed180f, createdTime=Sat Jul 15 18:39:17 CST 2017, time=2017-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=222437, encodeId=033022243e60, content=能过研究这么久太厉害了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=445f1740270, createdName=meiliwuxian, createdTime=Sat Jul 15 07:05:21 CST 2017, time=2017-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-16 baihao215

    bmj的研究质量也很高啊

    0

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1848350, encodeId=97621848350a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Mon Oct 16 15:13:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=222771, encodeId=3c26222e710e, content=bmj的研究质量也很高啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLCclExeQ6LOGMD4dTsia4Ty4HtZCxRmG5vO5XIKfKX3a3vusfhHSej4Iib517vmhFW7RQgh7bpDp1yw/0, createdBy=50951609779, createdName=baihao215, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 07:23:44 CST 2017, time=2017-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1439846, encodeId=ad5e1439846df, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=35904318480' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#多学科#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43184, encryptionId=35904318480, topicName=多学科)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 06:13:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=222654, encodeId=4ab4222654fd, content=海马体萎缩,也是痴呆表现的影像学特征之一。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://q.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/C3426ED027FF661B0C576A5B3127C2E8/40, createdBy=39dc1706090, createdName=QQ25ed180f, createdTime=Sat Jul 15 18:39:17 CST 2017, time=2017-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=222437, encodeId=033022243e60, content=能过研究这么久太厉害了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=445f1740270, createdName=meiliwuxian, createdTime=Sat Jul 15 07:05:21 CST 2017, time=2017-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-15 QQ25ed180f

    海马体萎缩,也是痴呆表现的影像学特征之一。

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1848350, encodeId=97621848350a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Mon Oct 16 15:13:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=222771, encodeId=3c26222e710e, content=bmj的研究质量也很高啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLCclExeQ6LOGMD4dTsia4Ty4HtZCxRmG5vO5XIKfKX3a3vusfhHSej4Iib517vmhFW7RQgh7bpDp1yw/0, createdBy=50951609779, createdName=baihao215, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 07:23:44 CST 2017, time=2017-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1439846, encodeId=ad5e1439846df, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=35904318480' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#多学科#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43184, encryptionId=35904318480, topicName=多学科)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 06:13:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=222654, encodeId=4ab4222654fd, content=海马体萎缩,也是痴呆表现的影像学特征之一。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://q.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/C3426ED027FF661B0C576A5B3127C2E8/40, createdBy=39dc1706090, createdName=QQ25ed180f, createdTime=Sat Jul 15 18:39:17 CST 2017, time=2017-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=222437, encodeId=033022243e60, content=能过研究这么久太厉害了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=445f1740270, createdName=meiliwuxian, createdTime=Sat Jul 15 07:05:21 CST 2017, time=2017-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-15 meiliwuxian

    能过研究这么久太厉害了

    0

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