Nat Commun:上万名中国泛癌患者循环肿瘤DNA的检测分析

2021-01-08 Nebula MedSci原创

基因组分析已经显著地改变了多种恶性肿瘤的临床管理。

基因组分析已经显著地改变了多种恶性肿瘤的临床管理循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)提供了一种非侵入性的方法来获取患者的基因组景观和可操作的信息

中国人民解放军总医院健康管理研究院曾强教授率团队开展了一项基于ctDNA的研究,涵盖了10000多名中国泛癌患者。

不同癌症样本中检测到CH变异的血浆样本的百分比

检出突变的基因分布

从12337位患者中收集到了14972份外周血样本,同时分离血浆DNA和白细胞DNA。通过对血浆和白细胞来源的DNA进行平行测序发现,14%的血浆游离DNA样本携带克隆性造血(CH)变异,而且CH变异的可检测性随着患者年龄的增加而增加

不同癌症ctDNA检测的敏感性

消除了CH变异后,在73.5%的血浆样本中检测到了ctDNA,其中小细胞肺癌和前列腺癌的ctDNA检出率最高(检测率分别是91.1%和87.9%)。

ctDNA图谱揭示的突变情况

不同癌症的基因突变特征

ctDNA图谱揭示的假定驱动基因的情况类似于基于组织进行检测的数据库(R2=0.87,p<0.001),但也展示出了一些差异,如非小细胞肺癌中高EGFR(44.8% vs 25.2%)、低KRAS(6.8% vs 27.2%)频率,在肝细胞癌中高TP53频率(53.1% vs 28.6%)。

ctDNA谱提供的循环肿瘤负荷与治疗预后相关

高达41.2%的血浆样本携带药物敏感性变异。137位根据ctDNA图谱进行靶向治疗的患者完成了临床随访,包括114例非小细胞肺癌、17例乳腺癌和6例结直肠癌患者。血浆ctDNA的突变个数和等位基因频率(AF)均与患者的PFS中等负相关

总之,该研究或有助于探究治疗性靶点和联合治疗方案。

原始出处:

Zhang, Y., Yao, Y., Xu, Y. et al. Pan-cancer circulating tumor DNA detection in over 10,000 Chinese patients. Nat Commun 12, 11 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20162-8

 

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    2021-01-08 Nebula-Qin

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