单靠药物降价不能降低医药费用

2018-09-05 叶晓兰 健康界

医改一直在不断推进,针对降低医药费用采取了系列措施,目前医改模式集中于从降低药价入手,收效一直甚微。习近平总书记在“健康中国2030”中指出,要健全医疗保障体系。笔者认为降低医药费用的首要关键是全民对于医药理念的转变。对于病人,首先要转化观念:药不是越多越好,是药三分毒。很多病人来到医院,如果医生不给开药或者少开药会认为是医生水平太差或对其疾病不够重视;病人住院要求输液、家长要求儿科医生给孩子用药

医改一直在不断推进,针对降低医药费用采取了系列措施,目前医改模式集中于从降低药价入手,收效一直甚微。习近平总书记在“健康中国2030”中指出,要健全医疗保障体系。笔者认为降低医药费用的首要关键是全民对于医药理念的转变。

对于病人,首先要转化观念:药不是越多越好,是药三分毒。很多病人来到医院,如果医生不给开药或者少开药会认为是医生水平太差或对其疾病不够重视;病人住院要求输液、家长要求儿科医生给孩子用药现象仍然普遍,这都无形中大大增加了药物的使用,增加了医疗费用成本。

对于医务人员,需要时时充电,完善对药物药代动力学的认识,选择合适的药物剂型,减少药品浪费;另外,结合疾病临床路径制定出药物临床路径,根据病人的具体情况,运用药物经济学原理选择最合适的检查和最合适的药物。

对于政府部门,需要加大对医疗资源的投入,根据医务人员的工作量给予相应的医疗待遇,提高阳光工资水平。让医务人员的高负荷工作与待遇切实达到较好的匹配,消除通过多开单、多开药来得到额外好处的心理,保障医务人员的生活水平。加大对违法乱纪现象的处理,对违规行为给予严厉惩处。

对于医疗保险部门,可以尝试借鉴台湾模式,以防为主,防治结合,形成总额预算管理下的复合式付费方式。改变按照固定的按比例报销模式,积极探索按疾病诊断相关分组付费方式,如果医务人员以最小费用治愈疾病给予奖励,以超额费用治疗疾病则予以一定的惩罚,切实提高医务人员按照成本效益分析治疗疾病的积极性,减少慢病进展速度,减少医疗成本,提高个人的社会价值。比如肾功能不全患者,现有的保险模式是根据就医费用给予医保支出,当病人进入终末期肾病需要透析时报销比例最大,而这个时候的整体支出是最大的。透析病人由于需要频繁往返医院做透析,对于工作生活有很大影响;另外,透析本身需要的费用很高,医保支出巨大。如果医疗保险打破常规,尝试在较早期即给予医疗单位一定费用去积极干预肾功能不全的进展,则可以大大节约资本。如果在有限的资金范围内,将肾功能不全患者纳入干预对象,持续3-5年,一直维持在慢性肾功能不全3期以内,说明医务人员对病人管理成功有效,多余费用可作为奖励。在这过程中,病人疾病得到了有效控制,可以正常工作,创造更多的社会财富;疾病未快速进入尿毒症透析,减少医疗费用的支出,大大节约了医疗保险成本;医务人员得到相应的奖励,工作更加积极努力,所以这种防患于未然的医保模式可以达到共赢的局面。

总之,降低医药费用是多部门、多层次人员共同合作才能解决,单纯从药物本身入手很难解决根本问题。

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    2018-09-12 pcw115
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    2018-09-07 cathymary
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    2018-09-07 30397605
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    2018-09-07 bshuang
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    2018-09-05 329523732

    不错

    0

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