Neurology:跨步管理辅助外骨骼改善慢性卒中患者的步行能力

2019-02-16 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

卒中后物理治疗应该聚焦提高患者的步行能力。动力机器人外骨骼(Powered robotic exoskeletons)是一种有希望的工具,有助于采取高剂量、高强度以及渐进性治疗方案,并且在增加工作量的同时降低治疗师的劳损。

卒中后物理治疗应该聚焦提高患者的步行能力。动力机器人外骨骼(Powered robotic exoskeletons)是一种有希望的工具,有助于采取高剂量、高强度以及渐进性治疗方案,并且在增加工作量的同时降低治疗师的劳损。由本田研究与开发有限公司(Honda R&D Co., Ltd)(丰田,日本)研发的跨步管理辅助(Stride Management Assist,SMA)外骨骼具有重量轻(大约6磅)、操作简单、模块设计的特点。研究显示 SMA 步态训练能够改善肌肉的效率(efficiency)、能量效益(energetic cost)以及卒中后麻痹肢体的步长和空间不对称(spatial asymmetry)。目前,尚不清楚多长时间的 SMA 训练能够影响卒中后的传统临床评价指标(比如步速、耐力和平衡)。

研究发现卒中后存在中枢驱动不足以及对称半球间皮质运动兴奋性(corticomotor excitability)的不平衡。然而,步态训练对皮层活性的作用尚不清楚。几项研究发现步行和下肢运动能力的改善与卒中后皮质再组织化(cortical reorganization)有关,特别是麻痹下肢肌肉兴奋性的改善。大幅提高步行数量(stepping dosage)和强度的措施有可能会增强脑运动区域下肢肌肉的联系。



2019年1月来自美国的Arun Jayaraman等在 Neurology 上公布了他们的研究结果,目的在于验乞 SMA 步态训练是否能够改善慢性卒中患者的临床预后以及下肢肌肉的皮质运动兴奋性。

该研究为随机、单盲和平行研究,50例患者完成了随机。患者随机接受地面上 Honda SMA 外骨骼步态训练或强度匹配的功能步态训练,6-8周间共18期。

最终该研究发现与功能步态训练相比,SMA 步态训练能够改善慢性卒中患者的步行速度,大幅提高步行耐力、平衡和皮质运动活性。

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    2020-01-17 yinhl1978
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    2019-12-13 yuanming15
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    2019-02-16 健健

    卒中虽然是临床上常见病,溶栓,取栓等血管内治疗也很成熟,但是仍然有很多未知问题有待认知!

    0

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