带你认识强化降糖“记忆效应”的真实面目!

2018-03-17 郭艺芳 郭艺芳心前沿

现行国内外指南多推荐将2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)控制在6.5%~7.0%以下。相比之下,ACP新指南做出了更为宽松的血糖管理建议。正如预期,这一指南颁布后迅速受到很多学者的反对。一些学者再次亮出杀手锏“强化降糖的记忆效应”(legacy effects),以此作为支持强化降糖的依据,并否认ACP新指南的观点。

日前,美国内科医师协会(ACP)颁布了糖尿病患者降糖目标值指南,对传统的血糖管理理念提出了挑战。该指南的推荐建议主要有以下4点:1)根据患者具体情况确定个体化的血糖控制目标;2)多数2型糖尿病患者的糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)控制目标应该为7%-8%;3)当2型糖尿病患者HbA1c低于6.5%时,应该考虑降低降糖药物治疗强度;4)对于预期寿命短于10年或合并慢性疾病(如痴呆、恶性肿瘤、终末期肾病、严重慢性阻塞性肺病或充血性心衰)的患者,降糖治疗的目的在于缓解由高血糖所致的临床症状,而非追求HbA1c达标。

现行国内外指南多推荐将2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)控制在6.5%~7.0%以下。相比之下,ACP新指南做出了更为宽松的血糖管理建议。正如预期,这一指南颁布后迅速受到很多学者的反对。一些学者再次亮出杀手锏“强化降糖的记忆效应”(legacy effects),以此作为支持强化降糖的依据,并否认ACP新指南的观点。本文给大家简要介绍一下所谓“记忆效应”,希望有助于各位了解这一概念的真正含义:

强化降糖的“记忆效应”源自于UKPDS 10年延长期随访(或称30年随访,即UKPDS 80研究),意指短期的强化降糖在多年后可显示出心血管获益。该部分研究是主体研究完成后所进行的延长期随访,结果发现早期强化降糖可在10年后持续显示并放大心血管获益。需要指出的是,这种延长期随访结果的证据力度并不能等同于一般意义上的随机对照试验。首先,UKPDS主体研究结束后对受试者治疗方案不再约束(对患者降糖药物的应用不做任何限制),这会对研究结果产生显著干扰;其次,在10年延长期随访中,前5年要求门诊随访,对不能到医院者进行每年问卷调查;后5年则全部采用问卷式调查方法。以这种方式所收集的数据的可靠程度显著下降。更为重要的是,该研究所纳入的4209例受试者中失访人数多达1525例,这显然会对研究结论产生显著影响。尽管如此,“记忆效应”的提出,成为很多专家用以支持强化降糖的主要依据之一。

然而,2014年EASD年会期间公布的ADVANCE研究6年延长期随访结果(ADVANCE-ON)却发现,强化降糖组与标准降糖组患者主要终点事件发生率无显著差异,即强化降糖的心血管作用“失忆”了。

2008年提前终止的强化降糖试验ACCORD研究发现,强化降糖治疗不仅不能改善糖尿病患者心血管预后,反而增加死亡率。该研究结束后,研究者继续对受试者进行了平均8.8年的长期随访,结果显示原强化降糖组与标准降糖组患者血糖水平相似,两组患者死亡率相差幅度有所减小,但强化降糖组患者死亡率仍存在统计学显著性增高。这一结果提示过于严格的血糖控制策略对患者的不利影响可能存在较长的时间,亦即强化降糖存在不利的"记忆效应”。

从UKPDS 80研究中“有益的记忆”,到ADVANCE-ON研究的“失忆”,再到ACCORDION研究的“有害的记忆”,可见“记忆效应”是一个不靠谱的东东。不过,在专家们引用证据时总喜欢引用对自己有利的(比如UKPDS 80),而对自己观点不利的证据就刻意回避了。本文所呈现的这些信息提示我们应慎重对待所谓“记忆效应”的合理性与科学性,至少不应一味地将其作为强化降糖获益的确凿证据!

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    2018-05-09 jyzxjiangqin

    强化降糖记忆效应的真实面目.

    0

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    2018-04-27 jyzxjiangqin

    强化降糖记忆效应的真实面目.

    0

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    2018-04-11 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了.谢谢作者分享!

    0

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    2018-03-23 1361ef75c9m

    一直都存在争议

    0

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    2018-03-22 jyzxjiangqin

    强化降糖的真实面目.

    0

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    2018-03-18 yfjms

    学习

    0

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    2018-03-18 雅文博武

    学习了很多先进的医学知识

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    2018-03-17 清风拂面

    谢谢分享学习

    0

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