Neurology:神经变性标志物或参与卒中病因学——较高的血浆总tau与NFL与卒中风险增加有关!

2022-05-01 Naomi MedSci原创

为揭示AD病理或神经退行性变在卒中病因中的作用,研究人员测定了血浆β-淀粉样蛋白(A-β)、总tau和神经丝轻链(NFL)水平对卒中及亚型风险影响,发现较高的血浆总tau与NFL与卒中风险增加有关。

卒中和痴呆症是老年人常见的神经系统疾病,通常在同一患者中同时发生。事实上,近几十年来血管认知障碍概念的引入证明了脑血管病理在认知障碍的发展中的重要性。相反,多项研究表明,记忆力减退、认知障碍甚至痴呆症可能在血管病变的临床表现之前已发展,并增加卒中的风险。因此,除了将卒中和痴呆症联系在一起的血管病变外,其他脑部病理表现,如淀粉样斑块和神经纤维缠结,也可能影响卒中的风险。

淀粉样斑块主要由β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)多肽和tau蛋白的神经纤维缠结组成,是阿尔茨海默病(AD)的病理特征。在脑淀粉样血管病(CAA)中,这些AD相关脑病理和血管疾病的标志之间的联系最明显,其中Aβ沉积在血管壁中导致完整性丧失,导致出血性卒中。这些生物标志物的水平也在缺血性卒中中被发现,并被证明可以预测卒中后的认知障碍。除了这些已建立的标志物之外,类似于tau的轴突细胞骨架的主要组成部分、神经丝轻链蛋白(NFL),少数研究也将升高的tau和NFL水平与卒中、小血管疾病联系起来。然而,Aβ、总tau和NFL的水平是否与普通人群中卒中风险的增加有关仍不清楚。先前的工作表明,血浆中这些生物标记物的水平与AD类型的神经病理改变有关。

近日,一项发表在Neurology的研究基于人群的前瞻性研究,确定了血浆Aβ、总tau和NFL水平是否与卒中及其主要亚型相关。

在2002年至2005年间,研究者从鹿特丹的人群研究中检测了4661名无卒中患者的血浆A-β40、A-β42、TOTAL-TAU和NFL。使用COX比例风险模型来确定这些标记物与整个队列、每个卒中亚型以及中位数年龄、性别、载脂蛋白E携带者和教育程度的卒中发生率之间的关联。

  • 经过10.8±3.3年的平均随访,379名参与者首次卒中。
  • 基线时的Log2 (总Tau)与任何卒中和缺血性卒中的风险呈非线性相关:与第一(最低)四分位相比,对于任何卒中,总tau最高四分位的调整后风险比(HR)为1.68(95%可信区间1.18-2.40)。
  • Log2( NFL)与任何卒中(HR每1-SD增加1.27,95%可信区间1.12-1.44)、缺血性卒中和出血性卒中的风险增加(HR 1.56,95%可信区间1.14-2.12)相关。
  • Log2 Aβ40、Aβ42和Aβ42/40比值水平与卒中风险无关。

基线时总tau和NFL较高的参与者有更高的卒中风险和几种卒中亚型。这些发现支持神经变性标志物在卒中病因学中的作用。

这项研究提供了II类证据,表明血浆总tau和NFL水平较高与随后发生卒中的风险增加有关。

文献来源:Heshmatollah A, Fani L, Koudstaal PJ, Ghanbari M, Ikram MA, Ikram MK. Plasma β-Amyloid, Total-Tau, and Neurofilament Light Chain Levels and the Risk of Stroke: A Prospective Population-Based Study. Neurology. 2022;98(17):e1729-e1737. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000200004

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    2022-11-21 yinhl1978
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    2022-04-28 xiaoyeshuang
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    2022-04-28 huangdf
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    2022-04-28 hb2008ye
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