JCO: 对错配修复基因缺陷的人群进行监测管理可带来生存获益

2021-05-09 yd2015 MedSci原创

错配修复基因缺陷人群的监测管理可带来生存获益

错配修复基因缺陷综合征(CMMRD)是一种具有癌症发病倾向的遗传性综合征,其主要因错配修复基因(MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 和MSH6)缺失导致的。错配修复基因的缺失可导致基因突变迅速的累积,导致肿瘤的发生与进展。因此,很多伴有CMMRD的人群最终发展为有症状的肿瘤患者,并最终死亡。但是,目前还没有明确的研究阐明CMMRD导致的肿瘤谱,以及对这些人群的监测管理带来的获益情况。

近日,来自加拿大的研究团队在JCO上发表一项研究,旨在评估伴有错配修复基因缺陷的人群进行监测管理是否带来生存获益。

该研究纳入了110例伴有错配修复基因缺陷的患者,监测过程中发现193种恶性肿瘤。第一肿瘤的诊断中位年龄为9.2岁(范围1.7-39.5岁)。中枢神经系统肿瘤为最常见类型,约占 44%,(n=85; 诊断中位年龄为9.9 岁, 范围 2.3-38.5岁) ;第二为胃肠道肿瘤,约占27%,(n =52; 诊断中位年龄为15.9 岁, 范围8.5-49.9 岁) ;第三为血液恶性肿瘤,约占19%,(n=37; 诊断中位年龄为10.5岁,范围2.2-29.9岁);而其他恶性肿瘤约占10%。

                                                          CMMRD导致肿瘤谱

 

有趣的是,几乎所有的胃肠道肿瘤以及其他类型恶性肿瘤,还有75%的中枢神经系统肿瘤被发现时是无症状的,而血液恶性肿瘤中仅有16%。

                                                          CMMRD导致各种肿瘤谱

生存分析发现,对于总体人群,无症状人群的总生存优于有症状人群,5年的总生存率(OS)为90%对比50% (95% CI, 39.2 to 63.7, p=0.001)。对于中枢神经系统肿瘤人群,无症状人群对比有症状人群5年的OS为72%和33% (95% CI, 20.5 to 55.6, p=0.04)。而对于胃肠道肿瘤,两者5年OS为100%和81%,无统计学差异(p=0.18)。

      不同人群生存分析,A为总人群(无症状对比有症状),B为中枢神经系统肿瘤人群,C为胃肠肿瘤人群,D为不同监测管理对生存影响

接着,研究评估了监测管理对于患者生存的获益情况。研究发现,全程监测管理人群4年的OS为 79% (95% CI, 54.8 to 90.9) ,而没有监测管理的人群为15%(95% CI, 5.2 to 28.8),两者有显著统计学差异(p<0.001)。同样,部分监测管理人群也得到了生存获益,其4年的OS为 54% (95% CI, 28.5 to 74.5; P= .001)。多因素分析也发现监测管理是CMMRD人群独立预后因素。

                                          多因素分析CMMRD人群生存获益因素

综上,对于伴有错配修复基因缺陷的人群,监测管理以及早癌筛查是可以使生存获益的。

 

原始出处:

Carol Durno, Ayse Bahar Ercan, Vanessa Bianchi, et al. Survival Benefit for Individuals With Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Undergoing Surveillance. J Clin Oncol. 2021 May 4; JCO2002636. doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.02636. 

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    2022-03-31 lidong40
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    2021-05-09 ms3000001139571985

    说得好

    0

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    2021-05-09 jyzxjiangqin

    好文章!

    0

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阿西替尼是一种血管内皮生长因子受体-酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,将会与一线治疗联合来治疗转移性肾细胞癌(mRCC),但其作为一线单独治疗的效果尚不清楚。