Alzheimers Dementia:肺功能不好,长期痴呆风险大大增加

2022-03-15 Freeman MedSci原创

低PF会增加MCI的风险,并加速MCI向痴呆症的发展

衰老伴随着肺功能的变化,由于肺部弹性的丧失和呼吸肌的减弱等因素,与其他器官系统一样,肺部系统的功能随着年龄的增长而逐渐下降。在许多研究中,不良的肺功能(PF)与老年人的低生活质量和死亡率有关。

作为对整个呼吸系统状况的完整评估,肺功能通常使用一个综合措施来描述,包括1秒内强制呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)和呼气流量峰值(PEF)。

痴呆症没有治愈性治疗,但对可改变的风险因素进行积极的管理可以推迟痴呆症的发生和延缓其发展。轻度认知障碍(MCI)是正常认知和痴呆之间的过渡状态。迄今为止,只有两项研究考察了PF和MCI之间的关系,表明较低的PF与较高的MCI风险有关。在这些研究中,PF是通过单一的测量方法(FEV1或FVC)来测试的。

一些退行性脑部病变可以通过死后神经病理学评估,包括阿尔茨海默病(AD)病变和血管病变。脑部病变可以提供与痴呆症的各种风险因素相关的发病机制。 研究表明,肺部健康状况不佳--包括慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)和呼吸肌力差--可能导致AD和血管病变在大脑中的聚集。虽然缺氧被认为是对PF差和认知能力下降之间关系的一种解释,但连接PF差和认知能力下降的基本机制仍不清楚。到目前为止,没有研究探讨PF和大脑病变之间的关系。

藉此,天津医科大学的Jiao Wang等人,探究了不良的PF与MCI的风险增加有关,并可能加速MCI向痴呆症的发展,而血管和神经退行性过程可能是这种关联的基础。为了验证这一假设,他们旨在探究

(1)PF与MCI风险及其向痴呆症发展的关系,

(2)利用一项长期社区队列研究的数据,包括随访期间死亡的参与者的大脑病理评估,探讨PF与AD和大脑血管病变的关系。

他们共纳入1312名无痴呆症的参与者,包括认知完整组(n = 985)和MCI组(n = 327),对他们进行了长达21年的随访,以发现MCI和痴呆症的发生。PF在基线时用综合评分和tertiled进行评估。在随访期间,540名参与者接受了尸检,以进行神经病理学评估。

他们发现:与最高的PF相比,最低PF的危害比(95%置信区间[CIs])是认知完整组中MCI的1.95(1.43-2.66),MCI组中痴呆的1.55(1.03-2.33)。

低PF与阿尔茨海默病病理(几率[OR]1.32,95%CI 1.19-1.47)和血管病理(OR 3.05,95%CI 1.49-6.25)进一步相关。

这个研究表明:低PF会增加MCI的风险,并加速MCI向痴呆症的发展。神经退行性和血管机制都可能是PF-痴呆症关联的基础。


原文出处:
Wang J, Dove A, Song R, et al. Poor pulmonary function is associated with mild cognitive impairment, its progression to dementia, and brain pathologies: A community‐based cohort study. Alzheimer’s & Dementia. Published online February 20, 2022:alz.12625. doi:10.1002/alz.12625

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    2022-04-16 anminleiryan
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    2022-03-11 neuro.Dr

    老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!

    0

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