弹性成像-话题@MedSci

#弹性成像#

41篇内容 | 1013人围观

关注话题

话题活跃用户

#插入话题

插入图片

最新最热

[GetTopicListResponse(id=1645992, encodeId=0c9d1645992e2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=Investigative Radiology：这一模型，实现了超声和MRI弹性成像的标准化应用！, objectType=article, longId=737747, objectId=5055e377474c, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=5055e377474c, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=38, createdTime=2023-01-17, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=5055e377474c, moduleTitle=Investigative Radiology：这一模型，实现了超声和MRI弹性成像的标准化应用！, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=5055e377474c)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645991, encodeId=a24e16459910e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=European Radiology：超声弹性成像在预测乳腺癌新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结状态中的应用, objectType=article, longId=736629, objectId=f036e36629ea, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=f036e36629ea, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=53, createdTime=2023-04-04, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=f036e36629ea, moduleTitle=European Radiology：超声弹性成像在预测乳腺癌新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结状态中的应用, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=f036e36629ea)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645990, encodeId=d0fd1645990f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=Radiology：不同中心的MR弹性成像在非酒精性脂肪肝中的应用, objectType=article, longId=295354, objectId=05bf295354e3, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=05bf295354e3, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=39, createdTime=2022-09-23, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=05bf295354e3, moduleTitle=Radiology：不同中心的MR弹性成像在非酒精性脂肪肝中的应用, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=05bf295354e3)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645988, encodeId=cd2216459882e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=Radiology：MR弹性成像在前列腺癌中的应用, objectType=article, longId=214701, objectId=402f214e015f, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=402f214e015f, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=34, createdTime=2021-09-03, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=402f214e015f, moduleTitle=Radiology：MR弹性成像在前列腺癌中的应用, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=402f214e015f)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645986, encodeId=87f5164598605, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=Radiology：MR弹性成像在儿童肝脏硬度测量方面的应用, objectType=article, longId=210786, objectId=7f71210e862c, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=7f71210e862c, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=45, createdTime=2022-02-07, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=7f71210e862c, moduleTitle=Radiology：MR弹性成像在儿童肝脏硬度测量方面的应用, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=7f71210e862c)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645989, encodeId=b6b216459890e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=Radiology：三维MR弹性成像，做到慢性肝炎患者的“一站式”检查！, objectType=article, longId=216213, objectId=22e9216213fe, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=22e9216213fe, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=42, createdTime=2022-02-19, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=22e9216213fe, moduleTitle=Radiology：三维MR弹性成像，做到慢性肝炎患者的“一站式”检查！, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=22e9216213fe)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645984, encodeId=464a16459849b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=Eur Radiol：肝脏MR弹性成像是否可定量评价门脉高压症？, objectType=article, longId=207165, objectId=a79620e16542, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=a79620e16542, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=45, createdTime=2021-04-25, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=a79620e16542, moduleTitle=Eur Radiol：肝脏MR弹性成像是否可定量评价门脉高压症？, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=a79620e16542)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645987, encodeId=6065164598e00, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=Radiology：基于磁共振弥散加权成像的虚拟弹性成像对肝纤维化的评估, objectType=article, longId=210870, objectId=076b2108e084, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=076b2108e084, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=30, createdTime=2022-01-24, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=076b2108e084, moduleTitle=Radiology：基于磁共振弥散加权成像的虚拟弹性成像对肝纤维化的评估, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=076b2108e084)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645985, encodeId=fb2b164598567, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=Eur Radiol：弹性成像来鉴别胰腺癌与自身免疫性胰腺炎！, objectType=article, longId=208390, objectId=072e2083909e, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=072e2083909e, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=37, createdTime=2021-12-27, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=072e2083909e, moduleTitle=Eur Radiol：弹性成像来鉴别胰腺癌与自身免疫性胰腺炎！, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=072e2083909e)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645982, encodeId=d67f16459827e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=Ultrasound Med Biol：应变和剪切波弹性成像在乳腺肿块评估具有较好的一致性, objectType=article, longId=192384, objectId=49c3192384c1, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=49c3192384c1, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=40, createdTime=2020-06-14, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=49c3192384c1, moduleTitle=Ultrasound Med Biol：应变和剪切波弹性成像在乳腺肿块评估具有较好的一致性, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=49c3192384c1)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645983, encodeId=44b2164598385, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=Radiology：基于扩散加权MRI虚拟弹性成像在评估肝纤维化的价值, objectType=article, longId=193476, objectId=8ed61934e68e, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=8ed61934e68e, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=44, createdTime=2021-03-09, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=8ed61934e68e, moduleTitle=Radiology：基于扩散加权MRI虚拟弹性成像在评估肝纤维化的价值, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=8ed61934e68e)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645981, encodeId=812516459818f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=2018 EFSUMB指南建议：弹性成像技术在非肝脏器官的应用（更新版）, objectType=article, longId=175051, objectId=69ac1e5051c1, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=69ac1e5051c1, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=37, createdTime=2019-11-15, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=69ac1e5051c1, moduleTitle=2018 EFSUMB指南建议：弹性成像技术在非肝脏器官的应用（更新版）, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=69ac1e5051c1)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645979, encodeId=9a7516459e902, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=JCLA：短暂弹性成像肝脏硬度可作为评估慢性肾病患者的非酒精性脂肪肝一个潜在的指标, objectType=article, longId=167624, objectId=9e2616e62445, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=9e2616e62445, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=40, createdTime=2019-07-22, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=9e2616e62445, moduleTitle=JCLA：短暂弹性成像肝脏硬度可作为评估慢性肾病患者的非酒精性脂肪肝一个潜在的指标, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=9e2616e62445)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645980, encodeId=f7c7164598054, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=Radiology：横波弹性成像在鉴别良恶性骨肌软组织肿瘤的价值, objectType=article, longId=167809, objectId=fd5816e8094f, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=fd5816e8094f, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=40, createdTime=2020-04-08, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=fd5816e8094f, moduleTitle=Radiology：横波弹性成像在鉴别良恶性骨肌软组织肿瘤的价值, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=fd5816e8094f)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645976, encodeId=1d1b16459e675, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=Clin Gastroenterology H：非侵入性方法评估肝纤维化的新方法——弹性成像定量, objectType=article, longId=159758, objectId=9894159e58b5, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=9894159e58b5, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=48, createdTime=2019-11-07, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=9894159e58b5, moduleTitle=Clin Gastroenterology H：非侵入性方法评估肝纤维化的新方法——弹性成像定量, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=9894159e58b5)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645974, encodeId=d08a16459e4d4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=2018 WFUMB指南建议：肝脏超声弹性成像检查（更新版）, objectType=article, longId=149150, objectId=327d149150a9, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=327d149150a9, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=33, createdTime=2019-06-22, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=327d149150a9, moduleTitle=2018 WFUMB指南建议：肝脏超声弹性成像检查（更新版）, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=327d149150a9)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645972, encodeId=2a9116459e208, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=Liver Int：肝脏弹性成像恶性肿瘤预测(LEMP)评分对局灶性肝损害的预测, objectType=article, longId=140303, objectId=a13f14030308, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=a13f14030308, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=39, createdTime=2018-09-23, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=a13f14030308, moduleTitle=Liver Int：肝脏弹性成像恶性肿瘤预测(LEMP)评分对局灶性肝损害的预测, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=a13f14030308)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645978, encodeId=da5c16459e89d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=Radiology：声脉冲辐射弹性成像在肢体淋巴性水肿组织纤维化评价, objectType=article, longId=162445, objectId=566f162445a2, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=566f162445a2, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=43, createdTime=2019-10-25, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=566f162445a2, moduleTitle=Radiology：声脉冲辐射弹性成像在肢体淋巴性水肿组织纤维化评价, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=566f162445a2)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645977, encodeId=b72a16459e7ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=adiology：2D US横波弹性成像在慢性乙肝患者肝硬化的价值, objectType=article, longId=160966, objectId=8d98160966e7, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=8d98160966e7, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=48, createdTime=2019-09-07, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=8d98160966e7, moduleTitle=adiology：2D US横波弹性成像在慢性乙肝患者肝硬化的价值, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=8d98160966e7)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0), GetTopicListResponse(id=1645973, encodeId=a41816459e3b4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=663550088ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#弹性成像#</a>, objectTitle=J Viral Hepat：HCV患者获得SVR后，肝脏测试的持续变化并不少见；这与肝硬化和基线瞬时弹性成像数值相关, objectType=article, longId=142591, objectId=e3fa142591fe, topicUrl=null, isHasObj=0, objectCover=null, objectUrl=/article/show_article.do?id=e3fa142591fe, replyNumber=0, likeNumber=41, createdTime=2018-09-27, rootId=0, userName=tamgche, userId=f0eb23278887, projectId=1, avatar=, status=1, hasArticle=1, attachment=null, ipAttribution=, moduleDTOList=[ModuleDTO(moduleId=e3fa142591fe, moduleTitle=J Viral Hepat：HCV患者获得SVR后，肝脏测试的持续变化并不少见；这与肝硬化和基线瞬时弹性成像数值相关, moduleType=article, hrefUrl=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=e3fa142591fe)], followStatus=false, userIsMember=false, type=1, lengthMark=0)] 梅斯话题小助手

弹性成像

2020-05-29

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

Investigative Radiology：这一模型，实现了超声和MRI弹性成像的标准化应用！

2023-01-17

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

European Radiology：超声弹性成像在预测乳腺癌新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结状态中的应用

2023-04-04

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

Radiology：不同中心的MR弹性成像在非酒精性脂肪肝中的应用

2022-09-23

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

Radiology：MR弹性成像在前列腺癌中的应用

2021-09-03

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

Radiology：MR弹性成像在儿童肝脏硬度测量方面的应用

2022-02-07

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

Radiology：三维MR弹性成像，做到慢性肝炎患者的“一站式”检查！

2022-02-19

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

Eur Radiol：肝脏MR弹性成像是否可定量评价门脉高压症？

2021-04-25

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

Radiology：基于磁共振弥散加权成像的虚拟弹性成像对肝纤维化的评估

2022-01-24

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

Eur Radiol：弹性成像来鉴别胰腺癌与自身免疫性胰腺炎！

2021-12-27

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

Ultrasound Med Biol：应变和剪切波弹性成像在乳腺肿块评估具有较好的一致性

2020-06-14

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

Radiology：基于扩散加权MRI虚拟弹性成像在评估肝纤维化的价值

2021-03-09

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

2018 EFSUMB指南建议：弹性成像技术在非肝脏器官的应用（更新版）

2019-11-15

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

JCLA：短暂弹性成像肝脏硬度可作为评估慢性肾病患者的非酒精性脂肪肝一个潜在的指标

2019-07-22

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

Radiology：横波弹性成像在鉴别良恶性骨肌软组织肿瘤的价值

2020-04-08

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

Clin Gastroenterology H：非侵入性方法评估肝纤维化的新方法——弹性成像定量

2019-11-07

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

2018 WFUMB指南建议：肝脏超声弹性成像检查（更新版）

2019-06-22

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

Liver Int：肝脏弹性成像恶性肿瘤预测(LEMP)评分对局灶性肝损害的预测

2018-09-23

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

Radiology：声脉冲辐射弹性成像在肢体淋巴性水肿组织纤维化评价

2019-10-25

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

adiology：2D US横波弹性成像在慢性乙肝患者肝硬化的价值

2019-09-07

tamgche (审核中...)

前往app查看评论内容

#弹性成像#

J Viral Hepat：HCV患者获得SVR后，肝脏测试的持续变化并不少见；这与肝硬化和基线瞬时弹性成像数值相关

2018-09-27

科室
- - 订阅+
  - 更多科室
工具
服务