JAMA:药物基因组学对抑郁症患者药物选择和症状缓解的影响

2022-07-18 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

提供检测结果对症状缓解有小的非持续的影响。

选择有效的抗抑郁药来治疗重度抑郁症(MDD)是一种尚不能达到精准治疗的做法。数据显示,初始治疗的患者缓解率仅为30%。为了确定药物基因组学检测是否会影响抗抑郁药物的选择,以及这种检测是否会带来更好的临床结果,来自JAMA的研究给出了答案。

这是一项务实随机临床试验,比较在药物基因组学检测指导下的治疗与常规护理相比的有效性。参与者包括676名临床医生和1944名患者。参与者从2017年7月-2021年2月从22个退伍军人事务部医疗中心入选,随访至2021年11月。

药物基因组学测试的结果被提供给药物基因组学指导组的临床医生(n = 966)。对比组接受常规护理,并在24周后获得药物基因组学结果(n = 978)。共同主要结果是随机化后30天内开出的具有预测药物-基因相互作用的处方比例,以及通过PHQ-9测量的抑郁症状的缓解(PHQ-9≤5)。

结果显示,在1944名随机患者中(平均年龄48岁;491名女性[25%]),1541名(79%)完成了24周的评估。在药物基因组学指导下,接受抗抑郁药的风险估计为59.3%、30.0%和10.7%,而常规护理组为25.7%、54.6%和19.7%。药物基因组学指导组更有可能接受具有较低潜在药物基因相互作用的药物,无药物基因与中度/高度相互作用(OR=4.32[95% CI,3.47-5.39];P<0.001),无/中度与高度相互作用(OR=2.08[95% CI,1.52-2.84];P=0.005)。

同时,由药物基因组学检测指导的患者24周内的缓解率高于常规护理的患者(OR=1.28[95% CI,1.05-1.57];P = .02;风险差异,2.8%[95% CI,0.6%至5.1%]),但在第24周时,药物基因组学指导组的130名患者和常规护理组的126名患者的缓解率没有明显增加(估计风险差异=1.5%[95% CI,-2.4%至5.3%];P = .45)。

在MDD患者中,与常规护理相比,提供药物基因组学检测以预测药物基因的相互作用,减少了对药物基因相互作用的处方。提供检测结果对症状缓解有小的非持续的影响。

 

参考文献:

Effect of Pharmacogenomic Testing for Drug-Gene Interactions on Medication Selection and Remission of Symptoms in Major Depressive Disorder: The PRIME Care Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2022;328(2):151–161. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9805.

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    2022-07-18 yangchou

    好文章,谢谢分享。

    0

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    2022-07-18 肿瘤克星

    JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新

    0

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重症抑郁(major depressive disorder,MDD)并非是罕见病,全球约有3亿患者,但约2/3的患者对当前抑郁症治疗反应不佳,甚至部分患者在长达6-8周治疗之后也无法达到临床有意义的

全新综述解读:重度抑郁和阿尔茨海默病中的成年海马神经发生

抑郁症和痴呆症是主要的公共卫生问题。严重抑郁障碍和阿尔茨海默病相互增加彼此发病风险。两种疾病的治疗和预防目前都不完善,目前无有效的药物来治疗AD,同时大约三分之一的抑郁患者也表现出治疗耐药性。

JAMA Psychiatry:交通事故后心理急诊创伤后神经精神后遗症高风险人群预测模型

研究人员开发了一种交通事故后心理急诊创伤后神经精神后遗症风险预测模型,有助于实现高风险患者的早期识别

HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING:重度抑郁症患者神经质、快感缺乏等症状与特定白质连接有关

该研究发现为MDD的状态和特质变量对大脑连接和认知的差异影响提供了证据。多变量方法显示了解释MDD内异质性的可行性,并将其追踪到特定的脑回路,从而增加了对生物学水平上异质性的更好理解。

处方阿片类药物的使用与重度抑郁、焦虑和压力相关障碍的风险

越来越多的证据表明,处方阿片类药物的使用会影响抑郁症和焦虑症